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A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the surrounding soil/earth/rock and enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end. A pipeline is not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods. A tunnel may be for foot or vehicular road traffic, for rail traffic, or for a canal.
Brett Michael Kavanaugh (; born February 12, 1965) is an American attorney and jurist who serves as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He is currently a nominee to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Yandhi is the upcoming ninth studio album by American rapper Kanye West, initially scheduled for release on September 29, 2018. It was announced by West on his Instagram and Twitter on September 17, 2018. Its minimalist album art, featuring a MiniDisc with purple tape, has been compared to that of West's sixth studio album Yeezus (2013), with speculation that it may be a follow-up to the album.
Adam Douglas Driver (born November 19, 1983) is an American actor. He rose to prominence in the supporting role of Adam Sackler in the HBO comedy-drama series Girls (2012–2017), for which he received three consecutive nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series.
The Ryder Cup is a biennial men's golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States. The competition is contested every two years with the venue alternating between courses in the United States and Europe. The Ryder Cup is named after the English businessman Samuel Ryder who donated the trophy.
Elon Reeve Musk (; born June 28, 1971) is a business magnate and investor. He holds South African, Canadian, and U.S. citizenship and is the founder, CEO, and lead designer of SpaceX; co-founder, CEO, and product architect of Tesla, Inc.; co-founder and CEO of Neuralink; and co-founder of PayPal. In December 2016, he was ranked 21st on the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People.
The 42nd Ryder Cup Matches were held in France from 28–30 September 2018 on the Albatros Course of Le Golf National in Guyancourt, a suburb southwest of Paris. It was the second Ryder Cup to be held in Continental Europe (rather than Great Britain or Ireland), after the 1997 contest, which was held in Spain.
Kanye Omari West (; born June 8, 1977), also known as Ye, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur and fashion designer. Born in Atlanta and raised in Chicago, West first became known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for recording artists such as Jay-Z, Ludacris and Alicia Keys.
Lindsey Olin Graham (born July 9, 1955) is an American politician and retired U.S. Air Force Reserve colonel serving as the senior United States Senator from South Carolina, a seat he has held since 2003. He is a member of the Republican Party. A native of Central, South Carolina, Graham graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1977.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg (; born Joan Ruth Bader, March 15, 1933) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Ginsburg was appointed by President Bill Clinton and took the oath of office on August 10, 1993. She is the second female justice (after Sandra Day O'Connor) of four to be confirmed to the court (along with Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, who are still serving).
Robert Edward Turner III (born November 19, 1938) is an American media mogul and philanthropist. As a businessman, he is known as founder of the Cable News Network (CNN), the first 24-hour cable news channel. In addition, he founded WTBS, which pioneered the superstation concept in cable television.
The following deaths of notable individuals occurred in 2018. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order by surname or pseudonym. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence: Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent nationality (if applicable), what subject was noted for, cause of death (if known), and reference.
TV pickup is a term used in the United Kingdom to refer to a phenomenon that affects electricity generation and transmission networks. It often occurs when a large number of people watch the same TV programmes while taking advantage of breaks in programming to use toilets and operate electrical appliances, thus causing large synchronised surges in national electricity consumption.
The Ryder Cup is a golf competition contested by teams from Europe and the United States. The competition was originally contested between Great Britain and the United States, Republic of Ireland golfers first played in the British team in 1953 and this was extended to golfers elsewhere in Europe in 1979.
David Allen Wright (born December 20, 1982) is an American former professional baseball third baseman who played his entire Major League Baseball career for the New York Mets. He was drafted by the Mets in 2001 and made his major league debut on July 21, 2004, at Shea Stadium. He was nicknamed Captain America after his performance in the 2013 World Baseball Classic.
Venom is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Columbia Pictures in association with Marvel and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. It is intended to be the first film in Sony's Marvel Universe, adjunct to the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
Chekka Chivantha Vaanam (English: Crimson Red Sky) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film co-written and directed by Mani Ratnam. The film features Arvind Swami, Silambarasan, Arun Vijay, Vijay Sethupathi, Jyothika, Aishwarya Rajesh, Aditi Rao Hydari, Dayana Erappa and as the ensemble cast, while Prakash Raj, Jayasudha, Thiagarajan and Mansoor Ali Khan appear in pivotal roles.
Jane Seymour Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is an American actress, writer, political activist, former fashion model and fitness guru. She is a two-time Academy Award winner, two-time BAFTA Award winner, and four-time Golden Globe Award winner. In 2014, Fonda was the recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award.
Bigg Boss Tamil 2 the second season of continuous franchise Bigg Boss is the ongoing second season of the reality TV game show Bigg Boss Tamil, hosted by Kamal Haasan. This season has 16 housemates with 60 cameras. The motto of the second season is to find who is the good guy and who is the bad guy.
The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe.
Ariana Grande-Butera (; born June 26, 1993) is an American singer, songwriter and actress credited with having some of the best vocal chops in pop music. She began her career in 2008 in the Broadway musical 13, before landing the role of ditzy Cat Valentine in the Nickelodeon television series Victorious (2010–2013) and in the spinoff Sam & Cat (2013–2014).
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; Hindustani: [ˈmoːɦəndaːs ˈkərəmtʃənd ˈɡaːndʱi] ( listen); 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.
Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. (born September 27, 1982), known professionally as Lil Wayne, is an American rapper. Lil Wayne's career began in 1991 at the age of nine, when he was discovered by Bryan "Baby" Williams and joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label, and half of the duo The B.G.'z, alongside fellow New Orleans-based rapper B.G., then known as Lil' Doogie.
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and received an economics degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Maclura pomifera, commonly known as the Osage orange, is a small deciduous tree or large shrub, typically growing to 8 to 15 metres (30–50 ft) tall. The distinctive fruit, from a multiple fruit family, is roughly spherical, bumpy, 8 to 15 centimetres (3–6 in) in diameter, and turns bright yellow-green in the fall. The fruits secrete a sticky white latex when cut or damaged.
List of Bollywood films of 2018
This is a list of Bollywood films that have been released or are to be released in 2018.
2018 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship
The 2018 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship was the 19th staging of the FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship, contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. The final tournament was held in Italy and Bulgaria from 9 to 30 September 2018.
American Horror Story: Apocalypse
American Horror Story: Apocalypse is the eighth season of the FX horror anthology television series American Horror Story. It was announced on January 12, 2017, and premiered on September 12, 2018.
Lindsay Dee Lohan (born July 2, 1986) is an American actress, businesswoman, fashion designer and singer. Born and raised in New York, Lohan was signed to Ford Models as a child. Having appeared as a regular on Another World at age 10, her breakthrough came in Disney Pictures' The Parent Trap (1998).
Bradley Charles Cooper (born January 5, 1975) is an American actor and filmmaker. He has been nominated for many awards, including four Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards, and two Golden Globes. Cooper appeared in Forbes Celebrity 100 on two occasions and Time's list of 100 most influential people in the world in 2015.
Jeffry Lane Flake (born December 31, 1962) is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Arizona, a seat he was first elected to in 2012. A member of the Republican Party, he was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013. Flake was one of the bi-partisan "Gang of Eight" that pushed through a Senate immigration-reform bill in 2013.
Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta (born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She is known for her unconventionality and provocative work as well as visual experimentation. Gaga began performing as a teenager, singing at open mic nights and acting in school plays.
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December, with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra and a magnitude of 9. 1–9. 3 Mw, reaching a Mercalli intensity up to IX in certain areas. It was an undersea megathrust earthquake caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burma Plate and the Indian Plate.
Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an American judge, lawyer, and government official who currently serves as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He is currently the most senior justice on the Court following the retirement of Anthony Kennedy. Thomas succeeded Thurgood Marshall and is the second African American to serve on the court.
Sui Dhaaga (transl. Needle and thread; Hindi pronunciation: [sʊiː d̪ʱaːgaː]) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Sharat Katariya and produced by Maneesh Sharma under the banner of Yash Raj Films. It stars Varun Dhawan and Anushka Sharma as a young couple in rural India who start their own small-scale clothing business.
Jean Paul Getty (; December 15, 1892 – June 6, 1976) was a British American industrialist, and the patriarch of the Getty family. He founded the Getty Oil Company, and in 1957 Fortune magazine named him the richest living American, while the 1966 Guinness Book of Records named him as the world's richest private citizen, worth an estimated $1. 2 billion (approximately $9. 05 billion in 2017).
The Nun is a 2018 American gothic supernatural horror film directed by Corin Hardy and written by Gary Dauberman, from a story by Dauberman and James Wan. A spin-off of 2016's The Conjuring 2, and the fifth installment in The Conjuring Universe, the film stars Demián Bichir, Taissa Farmiga, and Jonas Bloquet.
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. In Congress, it was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and by the House on January 31, 1865. The amendment was ratified by the required number of states on December 6, 1865.
American Horror Story is an American anthology horror television series created by Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk. Each season is conceived as a self-contained miniseries, following a different set of characters and settings, and a storyline with its own "beginning, middle, and end". Some plot elements of each season are loosely inspired by true events.
The Cry is a television drama series filmed in Australia and Scotland and screening on the BBC and ABC. The Cry is adapted from the novel of the same name by Helen FitzGerald. Filming began in Australia in February 2018 and later moved to Scotland in April 2018. The four-episode series is set to air in the UK from 30 September 2018, and in Australia in late 2018.
List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest ranking judicial body in the United States. Its membership, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869, consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight associate justices, any six of whom would constitute a quorum. Justices are nominated by the President of the United States and appointed after confirmation by the United States Senate.
Ayda Field (born Ayda Sabahat Evecan) is an American film and television actress. Since 2015, she has been a regular panellist on the television show Loose Women in the United Kingdom. In September 2018, she joined the judging panel on the British version of The X Factor, alongside her husband, singer Robbie Williams.
Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar (born October 11, 1992), known professionally as Cardi B, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and television personality. Born and raised in The Bronx, New York City, she first attracted attention for discussing her career as a stripper on social media; she became an Internet celebrity after several of her posts and videos went viral on Vine and Instagram.
Padmini, also known as Padmavati, was a legendary 13th–14th century Indian queen (Rani). Several 16th-century texts mention her, of which the earliest source is Padmavat, an epic fictionalized poem written by Malik Muhammad Jayasi in 1540 CE. The Jayasi text describes her story as follows: Padmavati was an exceptionally beautiful princess of the Singhal kingdom (Sri Lanka).
Christian Stephen Yelich (born December 5, 1991) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the Miami Marlins. Yelich was drafted out of high school by the Marlins in the 1st round (23rd overall) of the 2010 Major League Baseball Draft.
The 41st Ryder Cup Matches were held in the United States from September 30 to October 2, 2016, at the Hazeltine National Golf Club in Chaska, Minnesota, a suburb southwest of Minneapolis. Europe entered the competition as the cup holders, having won in 2014 in Scotland for their third consecutive win.
Eldrick Tont "Tiger" Woods (born December 30, 1975) is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time, and one of the most popular athletes of the 21st century. He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years. Woods is generally considered one of the greatest golfers of all time.
Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton MBE (born 7 January 1985) is a British racing driver who races in Formula One for Mercedes AMG Petronas. A four-time Formula One World Champion, he is often considered the best driver of his generation and widely regarded as one of the greatest drivers in the history of the sport.
2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship
The 2018 World Women's Volleyball Championship is the 18th staging of the FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. The final tournament is being held in Japan from 29 September to 20 October 2018.
Killing Eve is a British-made drama television series produced by Sid Gentle Films for BBC America. It is based on Luke Jennings's Codename Villanelle novella series, and developed for television by Phoebe Waller-Bridge. The first season of eight episodes was ordered on November 15, 2016, and premiered on April 8, 2018.
Jahseh Dwayne Ricardo Onfroy (January 23, 1998 – June 18, 2018), known professionally as XXXTentacion (), was an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. Born in Plantation, Florida, Onfroy spent most of his childhood in Lauderhill. He began writing music after being released from a juvenile detention center and released his first song on SoundCloud in June 2013, titled "News/Flock".
Gilda Susan Radner (June 28, 1946 – May 20, 1989) was an American comedian and actress who was one of seven original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live (SNL). In her routines, Radner specialized in parodies of television stereotypes, such as advice specialists and news anchors, and in 1977 she won an Emmy Award for her performances on Saturday Night Live.
Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17, 1972), known professionally as Eminem (often stylized as EMINƎM), is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, record executive, and actor. Eminem is the best-selling artist of the 2000s in the United States. Throughout his career, he has had 10 number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100.
Gamble v. United States is a pending United States Supreme Court case about the separate sovereignty exception to the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which allows both federal and state prosecution of the same crime as the governments are "separate sovereigns".
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. Established pursuant to Article III of the U.S. Constitution in 1789, it has original jurisdiction over a small range of cases, such as suits between two or more states, and those involving ambassadors.
Jodie Comer (born 11 March 1993) is an English actress from Liverpool, England, known for her roles as assassin Villanelle in Killing Eve, Chloe Gemell in the comedy-drama series My Mad Fat Diary, Ivy Moxam in the BBC Three miniseries Thirteen, Kate Parks in Doctor Foster and as Elizabeth of York in the miniseries The White Princess.
Daniel Andre Sturridge (; born 1 September 1989) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Liverpool and the English national team. He plays as a striker, but he has also been used as a winger on occasion. Born in Birmingham, Sturridge spent four years in the Aston Villa academy before moving to Coventry City.
Jean Bolikango or Bolikango Akpolokaka Gbukulu Nzete Nzube (4 February 1909 – 17 February 1982) was a Congolese educator, writer, and conservative politician. He served twice as Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), in September 1960 and from February to August 1962.